{"id":203755,"date":"2024-04-13T15:15:02","date_gmt":"2024-04-13T13:15:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arabtelegraph.com\/?p=203755"},"modified":"2024-04-13T15:15:58","modified_gmt":"2024-04-13T13:15:58","slug":"203755","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arabtelegraph.com\/?p=203755","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978\u060c \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985\u060c \u0647\u0632\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 22 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0641. \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 1986 \u06481987 \u06481990. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 PSA\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993\u060c \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 13 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000\u060c \u062e\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 20 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000\u060c \u0647\u0632\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627 . \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 (\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0647. \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0634\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1978 \u06481981. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990\u060c \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a 19 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a 21\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a 104 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1993\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1996 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1998 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a “\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a” \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 (\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0640 20 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1972\u060c \u0647\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a “\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646”. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 “\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u0649” \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0646 (\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1872. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 – \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1892\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0632. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 (\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0643. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1930 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963. \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0636\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1951 (\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1954 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0641. \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1957\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1958. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1960\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0644 <\/a>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u062a\u064a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 . \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 – \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2007 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642. \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0636\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0636\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u200b\u200b\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0636\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 10 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0631 (\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1921\u060c \u062e\u0633\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1935\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0632 66 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627 \u064816 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627 (\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0631 18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644 15-8. \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1921\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0631. \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1922\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0636\u062f 103 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a 102 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637! \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1927\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 <\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0649 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1931.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0646 (\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\/\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 16 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 22 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1927. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0640 6 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06483 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u064825 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1935\u060c \u062e\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0625\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1946\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u062d\u0641\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a 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